Urinary tract diseases involve the kidneys, bladder, urethra, and other related structures. These conditions can include urinary tract infections, kidney stones, renal insufficiency, cystitis, and many other disorders. Nephrology and urology specialists are involved in the diagnosis, treatment, and management of these diseases. Through the use of diagnostic tests such as urine analysis, ultrasounds, or cystoscopies, specialists identify the causes of urinary tract conditions and offer personalized therapeutic options to improve renal and urinary health for patients.